Updated on August 20, 2024
Supporting someone with autism may seem daunting at first, but with understanding and patience, you can make a difference in their life and help you build a better relationship with the person.
Autism isn’t a disease; it’s just a different way of experiencing the world. People with autism might see, hear, and feel things differently than you do. This can be confusing sometimes. Here, we look at how to support individuals with autism. Let’s first understand what autism is and the various types of autism.
What is Autism?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition that affects the development of the nervous system. It is caused by a difference in brain development which affects social interaction, communication, and sensory processing.
Autism affects how a person communicates and interacts with others. While genetics play a role in some cases, the exact causes of ASD are still being researched.
Scientists believe a complex combination of factors contributes to this unique developmental path. There’s a lot to unpack from ASD, but ongoing research has improved our understanding and support for individuals on the spectrum. Some people with autism might find it hard to speak and communicate, while others might struggle with sensory sensitivity or repetitive behaviours.
The Main Types of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autistic Disorder (Classic Autism)
This is what most people think of when hearing “autism.” Individuals with this disorder often have significant language delays, social and communication challenges, as well as unusual behaviours and interests.
Asperger’s syndrome
Formerly known as a distinct diagnosis before 2013, has since been reclassified as level I Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). People with Asperger’s syndrome typically have strong communication skills and academic performance, but they might often struggle with social interactions. They may struggle to form meaningful connections with peers and social situations. Additionally, their behaviour and thought patterns may be rigid and repetitive, impacting their daily functioning and relationships.
Rett Syndrome
This is a genetic disorder that predominantly affects girls. It leads to severe impairments in cognitive, social, and motor functions, typically starting between 6 months and two years of age. Rett syndrome’s common symptoms include difficulty with movement, walking, or balance. Reduced muscle tone. Smaller than average head size (microcephaly), Problems with speaking or communicating, Seizures, Breathing difficulties, Sleep disturbances, scoliosis, amongst others
Selective Mutism
Although not exclusively considered an autism spectrum disorder, selective mutism includes refusing to speak in specific social situations where there’s an expectation to talk despite speaking in other situations.
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD)
This is a rare condition where children develop typically for the first few years of life and then experience a loss of previously acquired skills, such as language, social, and motor skills.
Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)
This is when someone has some, but not all, of the typical signs of autism. It’s like being on the edge of the autism spectrum.
High-Functioning Autism (HFA)
People with HFA often have good language skills and average to above-average intelligence. They might struggle with social situations and sensory issues.
Remember, these are just general categories, and each person’s experience with autism is unique. Before we jump into ways to support individuals with autism, let’s touch on some of their triggers.
Autism Triggers
Sensory Sensitivity
Many people with autism have heightened senses, meaning they might be more sensitive to loud noises, bright lights, or certain textures. Being mindful of sensory triggers can help create a more comfortable environment for them.
Routine and Structure
Routine can be a lifeline for someone with autism. Knowing what to expect can reduce anxiety and help them feel more secure. Try to stick to a consistent schedule whenever possible.
Communication
Communication can be a challenge for some individuals with autism. They may prefer alternative methods of communication, such as using pictures or technology. Being patient and using clear, simple language can facilitate better communication.
Now that we better understand autism and its various aspects let’s explore some practical ways to support someone with autism.
10 Ways to Support Someone with Autism
- Educate Yourself: One of the most important things you can do is educate yourself about autism. Understanding the challenges and strengths of the condition can help you provide better support and empathy.
- Be Patient and Understanding: Patience is key when interacting with someone with autism. They might need extra time to process information or express themselves, so be patient and understanding.
- Respect Their Differences: Just because someone with autism does things differently doesn’t mean they’re wrong. Respect their differences and celebrate their unique strengths and abilities.
- Create a Safe and Supportive Environment: Pay attention to sensory triggers and create a safe and supportive environment. This might mean dimming lights, reducing noise, or providing sensory-friendly tools like fidget toys.
- Communicate Clearly: Use clear, simple language and be explicit in your communication. Avoid idioms, sarcasm, or vague instructions, as these can be confusing for someone with autism.
- Encourage Independence: While support is essential, encouraging independence is also important. Provide opportunities for the individual to practice skills and make choices independently.
- Be Flexible: Flexibility is important when supporting someone with autism. Plans might need to change at the last minute. Stay flexible and adapt to the individual’s needs.
- Offer Emotional Support: Individuals with autism may struggle with understanding and expressing emotions. Offer emotional support and be there to listen without judgment.
- Be Inclusive: Include individuals with autism in activities and social events whenever possible. Be mindful of their comfort level and provide support as needed.
- Advocate for inclusivity and acceptance of individuals with autism in your community. Promote understanding and awareness to create a more inclusive society for everyone.
Supporting someone with autism requires patience, understanding, and empathy. By educating ourselves, respecting differences, and providing support, we can foster an environment that is more inclusive and supportive for people with autism to thrive.
Looking for reliable and trustworthy care services?
At Centre Disability Support, we offer tailored support services for individuals with disabilities throughout Australia. We offer housing options in Logan, Ipswich and Brisbane areas, where we provide independent supported living or assist individuals in finding suitable options for individualised living.
Additionally, we provide day-to-day support for individuals with mental health issues, complex behaviour and other types of disabilities. We also have support coordinators available to assist with planning, navigating NDIS plans, and offering casework support.
Whether you’re seeking support for yourself, or a loved one, or simply wish to learn more about our services, we’re here to help.
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